What is the python keyword "with" used for?
Question:
What is the python keyword “with” used for?
Example from: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/inputoutput.html
>>> with open('/tmp/workfile', 'r') as f:
... read_data = f.read()
>>> f.closed
True
Answers:
In python the with keyword is used when working with unmanaged resources (like file streams). It is similar to the using statement in VB.NET and C#. It allows you to ensure that a resource is "cleaned up" when the code that uses it finishes running, even if exceptions are thrown. It provides ‘syntactic sugar’ for try/finally blocks.
From Python Docs:
The with statement clarifies code that previously would use try...finally blocks to ensure that clean-up code is executed.
The with statement is a control-flow structure whose basic structure is:
with expression [as variable]:
with-block
The expression is evaluated, and it should result in an object that supports the context management protocol (that is, has __enter__() and __exit__() methods).
Update fixed VB callout per Scott Wisniewski’s comment. I was indeed confusing with with using.
Explanation from the Preshing on Programming blog:
It’s handy when you have two related operations which you’d like to
execute as a pair or more, with a block of code in between. The classic
example is opening a file, manipulating the file, then
closing it:
with open('output.txt', 'w') as f:
f.write('Hi there!')
The above with statement will automatically close the file after the
nested block of code. (Continue reading to see exactly how the close
occurs.) The advantage of using a with statement is that it is
guaranteed to close the file no matter how the nested block exits. If
an exception occurs before the end of the block, it will close the
file before the exception is caught by an outer exception handler. If
the nested block were to contain a return statement, or a continue or
break statement, the with statement would automatically close the file
in those cases, too.
What is the python keyword “with” used for?
Example from: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/inputoutput.html
>>> with open('/tmp/workfile', 'r') as f:
... read_data = f.read()
>>> f.closed
True
In python the with keyword is used when working with unmanaged resources (like file streams). It is similar to the using statement in VB.NET and C#. It allows you to ensure that a resource is "cleaned up" when the code that uses it finishes running, even if exceptions are thrown. It provides ‘syntactic sugar’ for try/finally blocks.
From Python Docs:
The
withstatement clarifies code that previously would usetry...finallyblocks to ensure that clean-up code is executed.The
withstatement is a control-flow structure whose basic structure is:with expression [as variable]: with-blockThe expression is evaluated, and it should result in an object that supports the context management protocol (that is, has
__enter__()and__exit__()methods).
Update fixed VB callout per Scott Wisniewski’s comment. I was indeed confusing with with using.
Explanation from the Preshing on Programming blog:
It’s handy when you have two related operations which you’d like to
execute as a pair or more, with a block of code in between. The classic
example is opening a file, manipulating the file, then
closing it:with open('output.txt', 'w') as f: f.write('Hi there!')The above with statement will automatically close the file after the
nested block of code. (Continue reading to see exactly how the close
occurs.) The advantage of using a with statement is that it is
guaranteed to close the file no matter how the nested block exits. If
an exception occurs before the end of the block, it will close the
file before the exception is caught by an outer exception handler. If
the nested block were to contain a return statement, or a continue or
break statement, the with statement would automatically close the file
in those cases, too.