Getting the class name of an instance

type() ?

>>> class A:
...     def whoami(self):
...         print(type(self).__name__)
...
>>>
>>> class B(A):
...     pass
...
>>>
>>>
>>> o = B()
>>> o.whoami()
'B'
>>>

Do you want the name of the class as a string?

instance.__class__.__name__

Good question.

Here’s a simple example based on GHZ’s which might help someone:

>>> class person(object):
        def init(self,name):
            self.name=name
        def info(self)
            print "My name is {0}, I am a {1}".format(self.name,self.__class__.__name__)
>>> bob = person(name='Robert')
>>> bob.info()
My name is Robert, I am a person

In Python 2,

type(instance).__name__ != instance.__class__.__name__
# if class A is defined like
class A():
   ...

type(instance) == instance.__class__
# if class A is defined like
class A(object):
  ...

Example:

>>> class aclass(object):
...   pass
...
>>> a = aclass()
>>> type(a)
<class '__main__.aclass'>
>>> a.__class__
<class '__main__.aclass'>
>>>
>>> type(a).__name__
'aclass'
>>>
>>> a.__class__.__name__
'aclass'
>>>


>>> class bclass():
...   pass
...
>>> b = bclass()
>>>
>>> type(b)
<type 'instance'>
>>> b.__class__
<class __main__.bclass at 0xb765047c>
>>> type(b).__name__
'instance'
>>>
>>> b.__class__.__name__
'bclass'
>>>

class A:
  pass

a = A()
str(a.__class__)

The sample code above (when input in the interactive interpreter) will produce '__main__.A' as opposed to 'A' which is produced if the __name__ attribute is invoked. By simply passing the result of A.__class__ to the str constructor the parsing is handled for you. However, you could also use the following code if you want something more explicit.

"{0}.{1}".format(a.__class__.__module__,a.__class__.__name__)

This behavior can be preferable if you have classes with the same name defined in separate modules.

The sample code provided above was tested in Python 2.7.5.

Apart from grabbing the special __name__ attribute, you might find yourself in need of the qualified name for a given class/function. This is done by grabbing the types __qualname__.

In most cases, these will be exactly the same, but, when dealing with nested classes/methods these differ in the output you get. For example:

class Spam:
    def meth(self):
        pass
    class Bar:
        pass

>>> s = Spam()
>>> type(s).__name__ 
'Spam'
>>> type(s).__qualname__
'Spam'
>>> type(s).Bar.__name__       # type not needed here
'Bar'
>>> type(s).Bar.__qualname__   # type not needed here 
'Spam.Bar'
>>> type(s).meth.__name__
'meth'
>>> type(s).meth.__qualname__
'Spam.meth'

Since introspection is what you’re after, this is always you might want to consider.

Alternatively you can use the classmethod decorator:

class A:
    @classmethod
    def get_classname(cls):
        return cls.__name__

    def use_classname(self):
        return self.get_classname()

Usage:

>>> A.get_classname()
'A'
>>> a = A()
>>> a.get_classname()
'A'
>>> a.use_classname()
'A'

To get instance classname:

type(instance).__name__

or

instance.__class__.__name__

both are the same

You can simply use __qualname__ which stands for qualified name of a function or class

Example:

>>> class C:
...     class D:
...         def meth(self):
...             pass
...
>>> C.__qualname__
'C'
>>> C.D.__qualname__
'C.D'
>>> C.D.meth.__qualname__
'C.D.meth'

documentation link qualname

You can first use type and then str to extract class name from it.

class foo:pass;

bar_foo=foo();
print(str(type(bar))[8:-2][len(str(type(bar).__module__))+1:]);

Result

foo

If you’re looking to solve this for a list (or iterable collection) of objects, here’s how I would solve:

from operator import attrgetter

# Will use a few data types to show a point
my_list = [1, "2", 3.0, [4], object(), type, None]

# I specifically want to create a generator
my_class_names = list(map(attrgetter("__name__"), map(type, my_list))))

# Result:
['int', 'str', 'float', 'list', 'object', 'type', 'NoneType']


# Alternatively, use a lambda
my_class_names = list(map(lambda x: type(x).__name__, my_list))