Animate a rotating 3D graph in matplotlib

Question

I have a scatter plot set up and plotted the way I want it, and I want to create an .mp4 video of the figure rotating in space, as if I had used plt.show() and dragged the viewpoint around.

This answer is almost exactly what I want, except to save a movie I would have to manually call into FFMpeg with a folder of images. Instead of saving individual frames I’d prefer to use Matplotlib’s built in animation support. Code reproduced below:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
ax = Axes3D(fig)
ax.scatter(xx,yy,zz, marker='o', s=20, c="goldenrod", alpha=0.6)
for ii in xrange(0,360,1):
    ax.view_init(elev=10., azim=ii)
    savefig("movie"%ii+".png")

Asked By: Nate

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Source

Answer 1

If you want to learn more about matplotlib animations you should really follow this tutorial. It explains in great length how to create animated plots.

Note: Creating animated plots require ffmpeg or mencoder to be installed.

Here is a version of his first example changed to work with your scatterplot.

# First import everthing you need
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

# Create some random data, I took this piece from here:
# http://matplotlib.org/mpl_examples/mplot3d/scatter3d_demo.py
def randrange(n, vmin, vmax):
    return (vmax - vmin) * np.random.rand(n) + vmin
n = 100
xx = randrange(n, 23, 32)
yy = randrange(n, 0, 100)
zz = randrange(n, -50, -25)

# Create a figure and a 3D Axes
fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)

# Create an init function and the animate functions.
# Both are explained in the tutorial. Since we are changing
# the the elevation and azimuth and no objects are really
# changed on the plot we don't have to return anything from
# the init and animate function. (return value is explained
# in the tutorial.
def init():
    ax.scatter(xx, yy, zz, marker='o', s=20, c="goldenrod", alpha=0.6)
    return fig,

def animate(i):
    ax.view_init(elev=10., azim=i)
    return fig,

# Animate
anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init,
                               frames=360, interval=20, blit=True)
# Save
anim.save('basic_animation.mp4', fps=30, extra_args=['-vcodec', 'libx264'])

Answered By: Viktor Kerkez

Answer 2

Was looking into animating my plots with matplotlib when I stumbled upon this:
http://zulko.wordpress.com/2012/09/29/animate-your-3d-plots-with-pythons-matplotlib/

It provides simple function to animate around a plot and output in a number of formats.

Answered By: Jameshobbs

Answer 3

It’s a bit of a hack, but if you are using Jupyter notebook you can use cell magics to run the command line version of ffmpeg directly from the notebook itself. In one cell run your script to generate raw frames

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
ax = Axes3D(fig)
ax.scatter(xx,yy,zz, marker='o', s=20, c="goldenrod", alpha=0.6)
for ii in xrange(0,360,1):
    ax.view_init(elev=10., azim=ii)
    savefig("movie%d.png" % ii)

Now, in a new notebook cell, enter the following and then run the cell

%%bash 
ffmpeg -r 30 -i movie%d.png -c:v libx264 -vf fps=25 -pix_fmt yuv420p out.mp4

Answered By: wil3

Answer 4

The solution provided by Viktor Kerkez does not work for me (matplotlib version 3.4.2). I get the same error as report by user3015729. Below is an adapted version that produces the same results but works with matplotlib 3.4.2.

# First import everthing you need
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

# Create some random data, I took this piece from here:
# http://matplotlib.org/mpl_examples/mplot3d/scatter3d_demo.py


def randrange(n, vmin, vmax):
    return (vmax - vmin) * np.random.rand(n) + vmin


n = 100
xx = randrange(n, 23, 32)
yy = randrange(n, 0, 100)
zz = randrange(n, -50, -25)

# Create a figure and a 3D Axes
fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
scat = ax.scatter(xx, yy, zz, marker='o', s=20, c="goldenrod", alpha=0.6)

# Create an init function and the animate functions.
# Both are explained in the tutorial. Since we are changing
# the the elevation and azimuth and no objects are really
# changed on the plot we don't have to return anything from
# the init and animate function. (return value is explained
# in the tutorial.


def init():
    ax.view_init(elev=10., azim=0)
    return [scat]


def animate(i):
    ax.view_init(elev=10., azim=i)
    return [scat]


# Animate
anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init,
                               frames=360, interval=20, blit=True)
# Save
anim.save('basic_animation.mp4', fps=30, extra_args=['-vcodec', 'libx264'])

Answered By: Felix Kemeth

Animate a rotating 3D graph in matplotlib

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