Assigning values to variables in a list using a loop
Question:
var_list = [one, two, three]
num = 1
for var in var_list:
var = num
num += 1
The above gives me an error that ‘one’ doesn’t exist. Can you not assign in this way? I want to assign an incrementing number for each var in the list. So I want the equivalent of
one = 1
two = 2
three = 3
but without having to manually create and initialize all variables. How can I do this?
Answers:
No, it doesn’t work like that.
You can try:
one, two, three = range(1, 4)
This work by defining the variables in a multiple assignment. Just as you can use a, b = 1, 2. This will unroll the range and assign its values to the LHS variables, so it looks like your loop (except that it works).
Another option (which I wouldn’t recommend in a real program…) would be to introduce the variable names in an exec statement:
names = ['one', 'two', 'three']
num = 1
for name in names:
exec "%s = %s" % (name, num)
num += 1
print one, two, three
A variable doesn’t exist until you create it. Simply referencing a variable isn’t enough to create it. When you do [one, two, three] you are referencing the variables one, two and three before they are created.
Python variables are names for values. They don’t really "contain" the values.
for var in var_list: causes var to become a name for each element of the list, in turn. Inside the loop, var = num does not affect the list: instead, it causes var to cease to be a name for the list element, and instead start being a name for whatever num currently names.
Similarly, when you create the list, if one, two and three aren’t already names for values, then you can’t use them like that, because you are asking to create a list of the values that have those names (and then cause var_list to be a name for that list). Note that the list doesn’t really contain the values, either: it references, i.e. shares them.
You can access the dictionary of global variables with the globals() built-in function. The dictionary uses strings for keys, which means, you can create variables with names given as strings at run-time, like this:
>>> var_names = ["one", "two", "three"]
>>> count = 1
>>> for name in var_names:
... globals()[name] = count
... count += 1
...
>>> one
1
>>> two
2
>>> three
3
>>> globals()[raw_input()] = 42
answer
>>> answer
42
I would simply use list comprehension.
one, two, three = range(1, 4)
one, two, three = [val for val in ['one', 'two', 'three']]
v1, v2, v3 = [func(idx) for idx in range(1, 4)]
var_list = [one, two, three]
num = 1
for var in var_list:
var = num
num += 1
The above gives me an error that ‘one’ doesn’t exist. Can you not assign in this way? I want to assign an incrementing number for each var in the list. So I want the equivalent of
one = 1
two = 2
three = 3
but without having to manually create and initialize all variables. How can I do this?
No, it doesn’t work like that.
You can try:
one, two, three = range(1, 4)
This work by defining the variables in a multiple assignment. Just as you can use a, b = 1, 2. This will unroll the range and assign its values to the LHS variables, so it looks like your loop (except that it works).
Another option (which I wouldn’t recommend in a real program…) would be to introduce the variable names in an exec statement:
names = ['one', 'two', 'three']
num = 1
for name in names:
exec "%s = %s" % (name, num)
num += 1
print one, two, three
A variable doesn’t exist until you create it. Simply referencing a variable isn’t enough to create it. When you do [one, two, three] you are referencing the variables one, two and three before they are created.
Python variables are names for values. They don’t really "contain" the values.
for var in var_list: causes var to become a name for each element of the list, in turn. Inside the loop, var = num does not affect the list: instead, it causes var to cease to be a name for the list element, and instead start being a name for whatever num currently names.
Similarly, when you create the list, if one, two and three aren’t already names for values, then you can’t use them like that, because you are asking to create a list of the values that have those names (and then cause var_list to be a name for that list). Note that the list doesn’t really contain the values, either: it references, i.e. shares them.
You can access the dictionary of global variables with the globals() built-in function. The dictionary uses strings for keys, which means, you can create variables with names given as strings at run-time, like this:
>>> var_names = ["one", "two", "three"]
>>> count = 1
>>> for name in var_names:
... globals()[name] = count
... count += 1
...
>>> one
1
>>> two
2
>>> three
3
>>> globals()[raw_input()] = 42
answer
>>> answer
42
I would simply use list comprehension.
one, two, three = range(1, 4)
one, two, three = [val for val in ['one', 'two', 'three']]
v1, v2, v3 = [func(idx) for idx in range(1, 4)]