use django: from "python manage.py shell" to python script

Question

I can move to a python project directory (say c:wwwmyproject) and then issue

   python manage.py shell

and then I can use all modules from django project, say the following piece of commands from the shell command:

import settings 
from django.template import Template, Context

t=Template("My name is {myname}.")
c=Context({"myname":"John"})
f = open('write_test.txt', 'w')
f.write(t.render(c))
f.close

now, when I tried to collect all my commands into a python script, say “mytest.py”, I cannot execute the script. I must missed something important.

I issued python mytest.py

then I got Import error: could not import settings Is it on sys path?”

I’m in the project directory where settings.py resides…..

Could some one help me out?

thanks.

Asked By: john

||

Source

Answer 1

Try using a Django management command instead.

# myproject/myapp/management/commands/my_command.py

from django.core.management.base import NoArgsCommand
from django.template import Template, Context
from django.conf import settings

class Command(NoArgsCommand):
    def handle_noargs(self, **options):
        t=Template("My name is {myname}.")
        c=Context({"myname":"John"})
        f = open('write_test.txt', 'w')
        f.write(t.render(c))
        f.close

And then (if you follow the docs) you will be able to execute the command in the following fashion:

python manage.py my_command

Answered By: Marcus Whybrow

Answer 2

To import Django’s settings use:

from django.conf import settings

Answered By: Marcus Whybrow

Answer 3

Try put these two lines at the beginning of your script:

from django.conf import settings
settings.configure() # check django source for more detail

# now you can import other django modules
from django.template import Template, Context

Answered By: adieu

Answer 4

This method is deprecated in Django 1.4. Use django.conf.settings.configure() instead
(see @adiew’s answer for example code).

Old method follows.

Put this at the beginning of your script

from django.core.management import setup_environ
import settings
setup_environ(settings)

This is really what the manage.py does behind the scene. To see it view the Django source in django/core/management/__init__.py. After executing these lines everything should be just like in ./manage.py shell.

Answered By: phunehehe

Answer 5

Instead of manually adding things to your python script, or having to fit in the management command format, in case this is not something that needs to stay around long, you can get all the benefits of the Django environment by running your script with ./manage.py runscript <myscript.py>

… but if your script is in your project folder, then you can just add this line to the top of the python script: import os; os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'

Answered By: James Sullivan

Answer 6

UPDATE: From another post.

./manage.py shell < myscript.py

Answered By: Babu

Answer 7

Saw in https://stackoverflow.com/a/24456404/4200284 a good solution for Django >= 1.7 and in case someone uses django-configurations this worked for me:

import sys, os, django

sys.path.append('/path/to/project')
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "config.local") # path to config

## if using django-configurations
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_CONFIGURATION", "Local")
from configurations import importer
importer.install()

django.setup() ## apparently important for django 1.7

from foo.models import Bar

print Bar.objects.all()

Answered By: eule

Answer 8

Here is yet another variant: I wrote and often use a management command “run” which has the advantage that scripts can see their command-line parameters:

http://lino-framework.org/api/lino.management.commands.run.html

Answered By: Luc Saffre

use django: from "python manage.py shell" to python script

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