How to use OpenCV (Python) to change specific colors without loss of quality?

Question

And I want to change its colors so I can use OCR to read the room numbers. To do this, I want to do the following: change all red to white, and every other color to black, so all that is left is the room numbers. I wanted to try thresholding, but I saw on the documentation that it should only be done on grayscale images, so I first ran the following code to grayscale it:

    import cv2
    import os
    from ConvertSVG import svg_2_png
    
    # Convert the SVG to a PNG
    output_path = os.path.join('converted svgs', 'Level 3.png')
    
    svg_2_png(os.path.join('svg', 'Level 3.svg'), output_path)
    
    img = cv2.imread(output_path)
    gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    
    cv2.imshow("Grayscale", gray_image)
    
    cv2.waitKey(0)

And I got this output

As you can see, the grayscale did work, but the room numbers got blockier and harder for OCR to read.

How could I use OpenCV-python to change all red to white, and every other color to black, with as little "blockage" as possible?

Asked By: Dan Ivanovich

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Source

Answer 1

Here’s a method that should work reasonably well:

Results:

Code:

import cv2
import numpy as np

# load image in BGR
input_image = cv2.imread("floorplan.png").astype(np.float32) / 255.0

# get scalar redness - this is smooth and mostly correct, 
# but it includes lots of stuff we don't want
redness = input_image[:, :, 2] - np.mean(input_image[:, :, :2], -1)

# create a blocky mask around the highly-red pixels
mask_coarse = cv2.dilate((redness > 0.7).astype(np.uint8), np.ones((3, 3)), iterations=5)
mask_fine = cv2.dilate(
    (mask_coarse * (redness > 0.3)).astype(np.uint8), np.ones((3, 3)), iterations=2
)

# mask redness with the blocky mask
output = redness * mask_fine * 255

cv2.imwrite("mask.png", output)

Answered By: Ollin Boer Bohan

How to use OpenCV (Python) to change specific colors without loss of quality?

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