How to Add another subplot to show Solid of Revolution toward x-axis?
Question:
I have this code modified from the topic here:
How to produce a revolution of a 2D plot with matplotlib in Python
The plot contains a subplot in the XY plane and another subplot of the solid of revolution toward the y-axis.
I want to add another subplot that is the solid of revolution toward the x-axis + how to add a legend to each subplot (above them), so there will be 3 subplots.
This is my MWE:
# Compare the plot at xy axis with the solid of revolution
# For function x=(y-2)^(1/3)
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
n = 100
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,6))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(122,projection='3d')
y = np.linspace(np.pi/8, np.pi*40/5, n)
x = (y-2)**(1/3) # x = np.sin(y)
t = np.linspace(0, np.pi*2, n)
xn = np.outer(x, np.cos(t))
yn = np.outer(x, np.sin(t))
zn = np.zeros_like(xn)
for i in range(len(x)):
zn[i:i+1,:] = np.full_like(zn[0,:], y[i])
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax2.plot_surface(xn, yn, zn)
plt.show()
Answers:
Option 1:
Simply reverse x and y to switch the axes of the function.
x = np.linspace(np.pi/8, np.pi*40/5, n)
y = (x-2)**(1/3)
Option 2:
It is a little complicated. You can also accomplish this by finding the inverse of the original function.
The inverse of f(x) = y = x^3 + 2 is f^{-1}(y) = (y - 2)^(1/3).
I modified the code you provided.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
n = 100
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(14, 7))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(221)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222, projection='3d')
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(223)
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(224, projection='3d')
y = np.linspace(np.pi / 8, np.pi * 40 / 5, n)
x = (y - 2) ** (1 / 3)
t = np.linspace(0, np.pi * 2, n)
xn = np.outer(x, np.cos(t))
yn = np.outer(x, np.sin(t))
zn = np.zeros_like(xn)
for i in range(len(x)):
zn[i:i + 1, :] = np.full_like(zn[0, :], y[i])
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax1.set_title("$f(x)$")
ax2.plot_surface(xn, yn, zn)
ax2.set_title("$f(x)$: Revolution around $y$")
# find the inverse of the function
x_inverse = y
y_inverse = np.power(x_inverse - 2, 1 / 3)
xn_inverse = np.outer(x_inverse, np.cos(t))
yn_inverse = np.outer(x_inverse, np.sin(t))
zn_inverse = np.zeros_like(xn_inverse)
for i in range(len(x_inverse)):
zn_inverse[i:i + 1, :] = np.full_like(zn_inverse[0, :], y_inverse[i])
ax3.plot(x_inverse, y_inverse)
ax3.set_title("Inverse of $f(x)$")
ax4.plot_surface(xn_inverse, yn_inverse, zn_inverse)
ax4.set_title("$f(x)$: Revolution around $x$")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
I have this code modified from the topic here:
How to produce a revolution of a 2D plot with matplotlib in Python
The plot contains a subplot in the XY plane and another subplot of the solid of revolution toward the y-axis.
I want to add another subplot that is the solid of revolution toward the x-axis + how to add a legend to each subplot (above them), so there will be 3 subplots.
This is my MWE:
# Compare the plot at xy axis with the solid of revolution
# For function x=(y-2)^(1/3)
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
n = 100
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,6))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(122,projection='3d')
y = np.linspace(np.pi/8, np.pi*40/5, n)
x = (y-2)**(1/3) # x = np.sin(y)
t = np.linspace(0, np.pi*2, n)
xn = np.outer(x, np.cos(t))
yn = np.outer(x, np.sin(t))
zn = np.zeros_like(xn)
for i in range(len(x)):
zn[i:i+1,:] = np.full_like(zn[0,:], y[i])
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax2.plot_surface(xn, yn, zn)
plt.show()
Option 1:
Simply reverse x and y to switch the axes of the function.
x = np.linspace(np.pi/8, np.pi*40/5, n)
y = (x-2)**(1/3)
Option 2:
It is a little complicated. You can also accomplish this by finding the inverse of the original function.
The inverse of f(x) = y = x^3 + 2 is f^{-1}(y) = (y - 2)^(1/3).
I modified the code you provided.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
n = 100
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(14, 7))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(221)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222, projection='3d')
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(223)
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(224, projection='3d')
y = np.linspace(np.pi / 8, np.pi * 40 / 5, n)
x = (y - 2) ** (1 / 3)
t = np.linspace(0, np.pi * 2, n)
xn = np.outer(x, np.cos(t))
yn = np.outer(x, np.sin(t))
zn = np.zeros_like(xn)
for i in range(len(x)):
zn[i:i + 1, :] = np.full_like(zn[0, :], y[i])
ax1.plot(x, y)
ax1.set_title("$f(x)$")
ax2.plot_surface(xn, yn, zn)
ax2.set_title("$f(x)$: Revolution around $y$")
# find the inverse of the function
x_inverse = y
y_inverse = np.power(x_inverse - 2, 1 / 3)
xn_inverse = np.outer(x_inverse, np.cos(t))
yn_inverse = np.outer(x_inverse, np.sin(t))
zn_inverse = np.zeros_like(xn_inverse)
for i in range(len(x_inverse)):
zn_inverse[i:i + 1, :] = np.full_like(zn_inverse[0, :], y_inverse[i])
ax3.plot(x_inverse, y_inverse)
ax3.set_title("Inverse of $f(x)$")
ax4.plot_surface(xn_inverse, yn_inverse, zn_inverse)
ax4.set_title("$f(x)$: Revolution around $x$")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()