Can't install via pip with Virtualenv
Question:
Below is the error I get when I run pip:
serkan$ rm -r mysite
serkan$ pwd
/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder
serkan$ virtualenv mysite
New python executable in mysite/bin/python
Installing setuptools............done.
Installing pip...............done.
serkan$ source mysite/bin/activate
(mysite)serkan$ pip install pinax
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ pip
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ pip install Pinax
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$
Answers:
Create your virtualenv environment within a path without spaces. This is why it is happening:
When you create an environment, it sets up a bin directory. In that bin directory are all the executables relating to the environment. Some are scripts. As you may know, hashbangs are used to tell the system what interpreter to use to run the script. You may see this at the top of scripts often:
#!/usr/bin/env python
If the script is at /tmp/test.py, that tells the system to run this command to execute the script:
/usr/bin/env python /tmp/test.py
In your case, virtualenv is creating scripts like this:
#!/tmp/oh no/bin/python
When the system tries to execute that, it will try to execute the command /tmp/oh with the arguments no/bin/python and /tmp/test.py. /tmp/oh does not exist, so it fails.
icktoofay is correct about the cause.
To use pip with virtualenv in a directory with spaces, edit /path/to/env/bin/pip, replacing the shebang at the top with #!/usr/bin/env python (or #!/usr/bin/env pypy if you’re using pypy).
Note that virtualenv changes your environment such that /usr/bin/env python refers to the python defined by the virtualenv.
I got the same error in RedHat. Python 2.7.3 is configured and made by myself.
[root@Ifx installer]# pip install Django
-bash: /usr/local/bin/pip: /usr/local/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: Permission denied
Solution: In /usr/local/bin/pip, replace first line #!/usr/local/bin/python2.7 with your actual Python path #!/root/installer/Python-2.7.5/python
For those running into this issue, I discovered that the length of the path could cause issues as well, without using any spaces (Ubuntu 12.04):
virtualenv /home/user/some/very/longer/path/without/spaces/etc/venv
failed, while
virtualenv /home/user/some/very/long/path/without/spaces/etc/venv
worked just fine, see Alex’s comment below
I had a very similar issue on my Windows 7 machine and struggled couple of days with that. Both paths, to my python distribution and to my VE had spaces in it. Couple of months before it worked fine. I found the following note on virtualenv website:
**Windows Notes**
[...] To create a virtualenv under a path with spaces in it on Windows, you’ll need the win32api library installed.
The following steps lead me to success:
- Make sure I used pip to install virtualenv and it’s the latest version (pip-7.1.0). Result: failure.
- Install win32api. Result: failure (although there was some error at the very end of installation process).
- Try to install my VE in a path without spaces. Result: failure.
- Reinstall my Anaconda python distribution to the path that didn’t contain the “[” and “]” brackets. VE had spaces in the path. Result: failure.
- Reinstall my Anaconda python distribution to the path that also didn’t contain any spaces. The VE folder still had spaces in the path. Result: success!
So at least the Anaconda (python) installation simple, non space-pollutted path was crucial. Maybe win32api installation was also important. Not sure.
pip command won’t work if:
- You have not installed pip in your system. (you have to install pip first in your system before you can use it in virtualenv. To install
pip on Ubuntu, use command sudo apt-get install python-pip or sudo apt-get install python3-pip)
- The path to your virtual environment folder contains space(s).(Example: /home/username/my folder name with spaces/newvirtualenv)
- The path to your virtual environment folder is too long. Example: /home/username/mytoobigpath/somefolder/anotherfolder/someanotherfolder/someanotherfolderagain/myvirtualenv. (Try renaming parent folders with smaller names)
If you can’t rename folders or change path for some reason, goto yourvirtualenvfolder/bin (using cd command) and then try ./python pip install packagename.
I found this from a Google search while experiencing the same problem and found this to be very useful. virtualenv now has a --relocatable flag that will rewrite the shebang command to #!/usr/bin/env <the_python_version_you_used_to_create_the_virtualenv>. It does come with some caveats, so be sure to read the documentation to understand the implications:
https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/stable/userguide/#making-environments-relocatable
You need to use the same syntax to relocate the virtualenv as you did when creating it, otherwise the python version may be overwritten. This will work as expected…
virtualenv --python=python3.5 env-test
virtualenv --relocatable --python=python3.5 env-test
whereas this will result in #!/usr/bin/env python2.7 (at least on my local environment)…
virtualenv --python==python3.5 env-test
virtualenv --relocatable env-test
For my case, deactivate the environment and source bin/activate again works.
It seems my folder content has same subfolder names as generated by virtualenv, such as bin, lib etc. And after copy in my files, reactivate the environment let virtualenv to update new information.
On Python 3.7 I didn’t have any issues with this but when I had to use Python 3.6 I did have an issue. The most easy work-around I found on Github was this:
Instead of:
pip install -r requirements.txt
I use:
python env/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt
So you actually directly point to the pip file within your virtual environment directory. Of course you need to activate it first before trying this. Hope this helps someone who comes here!
If it’s on windows, it can be caused due to dll changes(by other software)
Installing openSSL would fix it.
https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html
It will automatically renew dll to its newer versions.
Below is the error I get when I run pip:
serkan$ rm -r mysite
serkan$ pwd
/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder
serkan$ virtualenv mysite
New python executable in mysite/bin/python
Installing setuptools............done.
Installing pip...............done.
serkan$ source mysite/bin/activate
(mysite)serkan$ pip install pinax
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip install Pinax
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ python pip
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ pip
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$ pip install Pinax
-bash: /Users/serkan/Desktop/Python Folder/mysite/bin/pip: "/Users/serkan/Desktop/Python: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
(mysite)serkan$
Create your virtualenv environment within a path without spaces. This is why it is happening:
When you create an environment, it sets up a bin directory. In that bin directory are all the executables relating to the environment. Some are scripts. As you may know, hashbangs are used to tell the system what interpreter to use to run the script. You may see this at the top of scripts often:
#!/usr/bin/env python
If the script is at /tmp/test.py, that tells the system to run this command to execute the script:
/usr/bin/env python /tmp/test.py
In your case, virtualenv is creating scripts like this:
#!/tmp/oh no/bin/python
When the system tries to execute that, it will try to execute the command /tmp/oh with the arguments no/bin/python and /tmp/test.py. /tmp/oh does not exist, so it fails.
icktoofay is correct about the cause.
To use pip with virtualenv in a directory with spaces, edit /path/to/env/bin/pip, replacing the shebang at the top with #!/usr/bin/env python (or #!/usr/bin/env pypy if you’re using pypy).
Note that virtualenv changes your environment such that /usr/bin/env python refers to the python defined by the virtualenv.
I got the same error in RedHat. Python 2.7.3 is configured and made by myself.
[root@Ifx installer]# pip install Django
-bash: /usr/local/bin/pip: /usr/local/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: Permission denied
Solution: In /usr/local/bin/pip, replace first line #!/usr/local/bin/python2.7 with your actual Python path #!/root/installer/Python-2.7.5/python
For those running into this issue, I discovered that the length of the path could cause issues as well, without using any spaces (Ubuntu 12.04):
virtualenv /home/user/some/very/longer/path/without/spaces/etc/venv
failed, while
virtualenv /home/user/some/very/long/path/without/spaces/etc/venv
worked just fine, see Alex’s comment below
I had a very similar issue on my Windows 7 machine and struggled couple of days with that. Both paths, to my python distribution and to my VE had spaces in it. Couple of months before it worked fine. I found the following note on virtualenv website:
**Windows Notes**
[...] To create a virtualenv under a path with spaces in it on Windows, you’ll need the win32api library installed.
The following steps lead me to success:
- Make sure I used pip to install virtualenv and it’s the latest version (pip-7.1.0). Result: failure.
- Install win32api. Result: failure (although there was some error at the very end of installation process).
- Try to install my VE in a path without spaces. Result: failure.
- Reinstall my Anaconda python distribution to the path that didn’t contain the “[” and “]” brackets. VE had spaces in the path. Result: failure.
- Reinstall my Anaconda python distribution to the path that also didn’t contain any spaces. The VE folder still had spaces in the path. Result: success!
So at least the Anaconda (python) installation simple, non space-pollutted path was crucial. Maybe win32api installation was also important. Not sure.
pip command won’t work if:
- You have not installed pip in your system. (you have to install pip first in your system before you can use it in virtualenv. To install
pipon Ubuntu, use commandsudo apt-get install python-piporsudo apt-get install python3-pip) - The path to your virtual environment folder contains space(s).(Example: /home/username/my folder name with spaces/newvirtualenv)
- The path to your virtual environment folder is too long. Example: /home/username/mytoobigpath/somefolder/anotherfolder/someanotherfolder/someanotherfolderagain/myvirtualenv. (Try renaming parent folders with smaller names)
If you can’t rename folders or change path for some reason, goto yourvirtualenvfolder/bin (using cd command) and then try ./python pip install packagename.
I found this from a Google search while experiencing the same problem and found this to be very useful. virtualenv now has a --relocatable flag that will rewrite the shebang command to #!/usr/bin/env <the_python_version_you_used_to_create_the_virtualenv>. It does come with some caveats, so be sure to read the documentation to understand the implications:
https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/stable/userguide/#making-environments-relocatable
You need to use the same syntax to relocate the virtualenv as you did when creating it, otherwise the python version may be overwritten. This will work as expected…
virtualenv --python=python3.5 env-test
virtualenv --relocatable --python=python3.5 env-test
whereas this will result in #!/usr/bin/env python2.7 (at least on my local environment)…
virtualenv --python==python3.5 env-test
virtualenv --relocatable env-test
For my case, deactivate the environment and source bin/activate again works.
It seems my folder content has same subfolder names as generated by virtualenv, such as bin, lib etc. And after copy in my files, reactivate the environment let virtualenv to update new information.
On Python 3.7 I didn’t have any issues with this but when I had to use Python 3.6 I did have an issue. The most easy work-around I found on Github was this:
Instead of:
pip install -r requirements.txt
I use:
python env/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt
So you actually directly point to the pip file within your virtual environment directory. Of course you need to activate it first before trying this. Hope this helps someone who comes here!
If it’s on windows, it can be caused due to dll changes(by other software)
Installing openSSL would fix it.
https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html
It will automatically renew dll to its newer versions.