Does JavaScript support array/list comprehensions like Python?

Not directly, but it’s not hard to replicate.

var string = "1234-5";

var forbidden = "-";

string.split("").filter(function(str){
    if(forbidden.indexOf(str) < 0) {
        return str;
    }
}).forEach(function(letter) { console.log(letter);});

I guess more directly:

for(var i=0 ; i < str.length ; i++) {
    if(forbidden.indexOf(str) < 0) {
        console.log(str[i]);
    }
}

But there’s no built in way to filter in your for loop.

Reading the code, I assume forbidden can have more than 1 character. I’m also assuming the output should be “12345”

var string = "12=34-5";

var forbidden = "=-";

console.log(string.split("").filter(function(str){
    return forbidden.indexOf(str) < 0;
}).join(""))

If the output is “1” “2” “3” “4” “5” on separate lines

var string = "12=34-5";

var forbidden = "=-";

string.split("").forEach(function(str){
    if (forbidden.indexOf(str) < 0) {
        console.log(str);
    }
});

For “completeness”-sake, here’s a shorter regexp version.

var str =  "1234-5";
var ignore = "-=";

console.log(str.replace(new RegExp(ignore.split("").join("|")), "").split(""));

EDIT: To make sure that RegExp does not “choke” on special characters, ignore can be implemented as regexp literal, instead of a string:

var str =  "1234-5";
var ignore = /[+=-]/;
console.log(str.replace(ignore, "").split(""));

It does have a poor mans version

const string = '1234-5'

const forbidden = '-'

print([int(i) for i in str(string) if i not in forbidden])
const result = string.split('').filter(char => char !== forbidden);
console.log(result)

In JS you can only iterate over single elements in array, so no extraction of multiple entries at a time like in Python.

For this particular case you should use a RegExp to filter the string though.

You could easily achieve this behavior using an application functor.

Array.prototype.ap = function(xs) {
  return this.reduce((acc, f) => acc.concat(xs.map(f)), []) 
}


const result = [x => x +1].ap([2])
console.log(result)

Given the question’s Python code

print([int(i) for i in str(string) if i not in forbidden])

this is the most direct translation to JavaScript (ES2015):

const string = '1234-5';
const forbidden = '-';

console.log([...string].filter(c => !forbidden.includes(c)).map(c => parseInt(c)));
// result: [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]

Here is a comparison of the Python and JavaScript code elements being used:
(Python -> Javascript):

• print -> console.log
• unpacking string to list -> spread operator
• list comprehension ‘if’ -> Array.filter
• list comprehension ‘for’ -> Array.map
• substr in str? -> string.includes

JavaScript no longer supports array comprehensions.

I too was looking for the JavaScript equivalent. Mozilla Developer’s Network indicates that this functionality is no longer supported.
The preferred syntax is referenced in the aforementioned link.

You could have a look at CoffeeScript.
CoffeeScript adds missing features to java-script and allows you to write cleaner, more readable code. https://coffeescript.org/#coffeescript-2

You write a .coffee file and the coffeScript-compiler compiles your coffee file into a JavaScript file. Because the translation into JavaScript happens by compiling, the script should not run any slower.

So your code would look like the following in coffee script:

string = '1234-5'

forbidden = '-'

alert(JSON.stringify(+i for i in string when i isnt forbidden))

Honestly, this is even easier to read then the python counterpart. And it compiles quickly to the fallowing JavaScript:

var forbidden, i, string;

string = '1234-5';

forbidden = '-';

alert(JSON.stringify((function() {
  var j, len, results;
  results = [];
  for (j = 0, len = string.length; j < len; j++) {
    i = string[j];
    if (i !== forbidden) {
      results.push(+i);
    }
  }
  return results;
})()));

You don’t even need to install anything. On their website you can play around with it, and it will show you the translated JavaScript code.

Javascript doesn’t need list comprehensions because the map and filter functions work better in the language compared to Python.

In Python:

[int(i) for i in '1234-5' if i != '-'] 
# is equivalent to the ugly
list(map(lambda _: int(_),filter(lambda _: _!='-','1234-5')))
# so we use list comprehensions

In Javascript, to me this is fine once you’re familiar with the syntax:

[...'1234-5'].filter(_=> _!='-').map(_=> parseInt(_))